The United States has bugged European Union offices and gained access to EU internal computer networks, according to secret documents cited in a German magazine.
Der Spiegel quoted from a September 2010 "top secret" US National Security Agency (NSA) document that it said fugitive former NSA contractor Edward Snowden had taken with him, and the weekly's journalists had seen in part.
The document outlines how the NSA bugged offices and spied on EU internal computer networks in Washington and at the UN, not only listening to conversations and phone calls but also gaining access to documents and emails.
The document explicitly called the EU a "target".
A spokesman for the Office of the US Director of National Intelligence had no comment on the Der Spiegel story.
Martin Schulz, the president of the European Parliament, said that if the report was correct, it would have a "severe impact" on relations between the EU and the US.
"On behalf of the European Parliament, I demand full clarification and require further information speedily from the US authorities with regard to these allegations," he said in an emailed statement.
France has asked the United States to explain the reports, Foreign Minister Laurent Fabius said this afternoon.
"These acts, if confirmed, would be completely unacceptable," Mr Fabius said.
"We expect the American authorities to answer the legitimate concerns raised by these press revelations as quickly as possible."
Luxembourg Foreign Minister Jean Asselborn told Der Spiegel: "If these reports are true, it's disgusting.
"The US would be better off monitoring its secret services rather than its allies. We must get a guarantee from the very highest level now that this stops immediately."
Mr Snowden's disclosures in foreign media about US surveillance programmes have ignited a political furore in the US and abroad over the balance between privacy rights and national security.
According to Der Spiegel, the NSA also targeted telecommunications at the Justus Lipsius building in Brussels, home to the European Council, the collective of EU national governments.
Without citing sources, the magazine reported that more than five years ago security officers at the EU had noticed several missed calls and traced them to NSA offices within the NATO compound in Brussels.
Each EU member state has rooms in Justus Lipsius with phone and internet connections, which ministers can use.
Mr Snowden, a US citizen, fled the United States to Hong Kong in May, a few weeks before the publication in the Guardian and the Washington Post of details he provided about secret US government surveillance of internet and phone traffic.
Mr Snowden, 30, has been holed up in a Moscow airport transit area since last weekend. The government of Ecuador is reviewing his request for asylum.
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